How Mortgage Lenders Use All Three Credit Scores
Your credit score is a major driver in whether an automated underwriting system (AUS) such as Fannie Mae Desktop Underwriter or Freddie Mac Loan Product Advisor will approve your mortgage. Understanding how lenders interpret all three credit scores can help you prepare for FHA, VA, USDA, Conventional, or Kentucky Housing Corporation financing.
Why Mortgage Lenders Pull All Three Scores
Lenders use a tri-merge credit report that pulls information from the three national credit bureaus:
- Equifax
- Experian
- TransUnion
Each bureau uses a different scoring model, which is why your three numbers are rarely the same. These differences are normal and expected.
To learn more about how credit scores work, visit Credit Scores for Kentucky Mortgages.
Factors That Impact Your Mortgage Credit Score
Several behaviors influence how your scores are calculated:
- Payment history and recent late payments
- Credit card utilization levels
- Collections, charge-offs, judgments, and bankruptcy
- Length of credit history
- New credit and inquiries
For borrowers seeking FHA financing in Kentucky, these factors are critical because FHA scoring models weigh payment history heavily.
How to Improve Your Scores Before a Mortgage
Many people assume paying off every credit card boosts the score. In reality, mortgage scoring models reward active but responsible use of revolving credit.
- Lower your credit card balances to 30–45 percent of the limit
- Keep older accounts open to preserve credit age
- Avoid opening new accounts before applying
- Address any recent late payments or collections
For buyers preparing for a zero-down option such as a Kentucky USDA loan or Kentucky VA loan, maintaining strong and stable credit is essential for AUS approval.
How Lenders Select the Score Used for Approval
Mortgage lenders do not average your three scores. They use the middle score.
If your scores were 780, 776, and 790, the lender uses the middle score of 780.
For joint borrowers, lenders use the lowest middle score between both applicants.
Minimum Scores Required for Mortgage Programs
Different mortgage programs have different minimum credit score expectations:
- FHA: 580 for maximum financing
- VA: Lenders typically require 580–620
- USDA: 620 for automated approval
- Conventional (Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac): 620 minimum
Explore specific requirements for each program below:
- Kentucky FHA Loan Requirements
- Kentucky VA Loan Guide
- Kentucky USDA Zero-Down Program
- Mortgage Programs for Kentucky Homebuyers
External references for further reading:
