Kentucky Mortgage Loan Programs | FHA, VA, USDA & Conventional Guide
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Joel Lobb NMLS #57916 · EVO Mortgage · Louisville, KY Company NMLS #1738461
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The go-to for first-time buyers and 580+ credit. Low down payment and flexible guidelines.
3.5% down · 580+ creditLearn More →Zero down and no monthly mortgage insurance for veterans and active-duty service members.
$0 down · VA eligibleLearn More →100% financing for eligible rural and suburban Kentucky buyers within income limits.
$0 down · USDA areasLearn More →Kentucky Housing down payment assistance for first-time and repeat buyers.
Up to $12,500 assistanceLearn More →Best long-term value for stronger credit. PMI cancels at 20% equity, unlike FHA.
3% down · 620+ creditLearn More →Every route to buying with nothing down in Kentucky — VA, USDA, and KHC combos.
$0 down programsLearn More →All Kentucky first-time homebuyer programs compared in plain English.
Programs & grantsLearn More →What score you actually need for each loan type in 2026 — and how to raise yours.
By loan programLearn More →
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Hi, I’m Joel Lobb — a Kentucky dad who’s spent 20+ years helping families across all 120 counties buy their first home. When you call, you get me — not a phone tree. Questions on a Saturday morning? I answer.
1,300+ Kentucky families have trusted me with their mortgage — from Louisville to Lexington to the smallest towns in the state. Free application reviews, same-day pre-approvals, and honest answers about what you actually qualify for.
See What You Qualify For →No down payment. No monthly mortgage insurance. No loan limit if you have full entitlement. Here is exactly how a VA mortgage works in Kentucky — and what it costs.
Last updated: July 2026 | Reviewed by Joel Lobb, Mortgage Loan Officer, NMLS #57916 | Louisville, Kentucky
A Kentucky VA home loan is the strongest mortgage program available to veterans, active duty service members, National Guard and Reserve members, and eligible surviving spouses. It is the only widely available loan that combines zero down payment with no monthly mortgage insurance — a combination FHA, USDA, and conventional financing cannot match.
The Department of Veterans Affairs does not lend the money. VA guarantees a portion of the loan, which is what allows an approved lender to finance 100% of the purchase price. Since January 1, 2020, veterans with full entitlement have no VA county loan limit at all — the cap depends on what a lender will approve, not on where in Kentucky you buy.
This guide covers the 2026 rules as they actually stand: current funding fee percentages, how entitlement math works, the residual income figures Kentucky falls under, and where VA policy ends and individual lender overlays begin. If you want your own numbers run, call or text 502-905-3708.
2026 Program Snapshot
Figures reflect VA policy in effect July 2026. Funding fee per VA Circular 26-23-06, effective for loans closing on or after April 7, 2023.
Watch: Kentucky VA Loan Myths Busted — What Veterans Need to Know. Joel Lobb, NMLS #57916
VA does not issue mortgages. It guarantees roughly 25% of the loan amount against loss, and that guaranty is what convinces a lender to finance 100% of the purchase price with nothing down. You apply through a VA-approved lender; VA stands behind the loan.
That structure produces five advantages you will not find together in any other program:
VA finances up to 100% of the purchase price or appraised value, whichever is lower. On a $300,000 Kentucky home with full entitlement, the required down payment is $0 — compared with $10,500 on FHA at 3.5% down.
FHA charges monthly MIP that usually never falls off. Conventional loans under 20% down charge PMI. VA charges neither. On a $300,000 loan, skipping FHA's monthly MIP alone saves roughly $150–$175 every month.
The Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans Act removed county loan limits for full-entitlement borrowers effective January 1, 2020. Limits now apply only if part of your entitlement is tied up in another VA loan.
VA is the only major program that measures actual dollars left over after your bills each month, not just a debt ratio. This is why veterans with higher debt ratios often get approved for VA when they would be declined elsewhere.
A VA loan is one of the few fixed-rate mortgages a qualified buyer can assume. If you lock a low rate today and rates are higher when you sell, that assumable loan becomes a real selling advantage. You can also pay off early with no penalty.
VA entitlement is not one-and-done. Sell the home and pay off the loan, and your entitlement is restored for the next purchase. In some relocation situations you can even hold two VA loans at once.
Kentucky note: VA loans are for primary residences you occupy. They cannot be used for vacation homes or rental property. You can, however, buy a 2–4 unit property and rent the other units as long as you live in one of them.
I will pull your Certificate of Eligibility, review your income and credit, and tell you your real purchase price — usually the same day.
Call or Text 502-905-3708Eligibility is based on service history. You may qualify if any one of the following applies:
Do not let a missing DD-214 stop you. If you cannot find your discharge paperwork, I can usually still obtain your COE electronically. Requesting a replacement DD-214 from the National Archives takes weeks; the COE usually does not.
This is the section most websites get wrong, because they blur the line between what VA requires and what an individual lender requires on top of it. Those are two different things, and the difference decides plenty of approvals.
VA publishes no minimum credit score. Its standard is that the borrower represents a satisfactory credit risk, and VA training material states plainly that a lack of credit history is not by itself viewed as a negative.
Lenders then add their own overlays. In 2026 that generally looks like:
| Credit score | What to expect |
|---|---|
| 660 and above | Best pricing, widest lender choice, smooth automated approval |
| 620–659 | The most common overlay floor; approvals are routine |
| 580–619 | Workable with a VA-focused lender or broker; fewer options, compensating factors help |
| Below 580 | Harder, but not automatically dead — manual underwrite with strong residual income and clean recent history |
Because I work as a broker rather than a single retail lender, I can shop your file against several VA investors. A score that one lender declines is often approvable at another with a lower overlay.
After your mortgage payment, taxes, insurance, HOA, and every other monthly debt is subtracted from your gross income, VA requires a minimum number of dollars left over for living expenses. Kentucky sits in VA's South region. These are the figures your file is measured against:
| Family size | Required monthly residual |
|---|---|
| 1 person | $441 |
| 2 people | $738 |
| 3 people | $889 |
| 4 people | $1,003 |
| 5 people | $1,039 |
| Each additional | Add $80 per person, up to a family of 7 |
For loan amounts under $80,000 the South-region figures are lower: $382 for one person, $641 for two, $772 for three, $868 for four, and $902 for five, adding $75 for each additional member.
VA's benchmark debt-to-income ratio is 41%. It is not a hard cap. When your DTI exceeds 41%, the loan can still be approved — and here is the rule that matters: if your residual income exceeds the required figure by at least 20%, the underwriter does not need to document additional compensating factors for the high ratio.
Worked example. A Kentucky family of four needs $1,003 in residual income. Clear $1,003 × 1.20 = $1,203.60 per month after every bill, and a DTI above 41% stops being an obstacle on its own. This is exactly why veterans with student loans or a car payment still get approved for VA when conventional underwriting says no.
One more piece that helps Kentucky veterans: VA disability compensation is non-taxable income and can be grossed up for qualifying purposes, which lowers your ratio on paper without changing a dollar of what you actually receive.
VA looks for a two-year history of stable income. Base pay and military allowances, including BAH, count as qualifying income when they are stable and expected to continue. Self-employment generally needs two years of filed returns averaged together. Gaps in employment need a reasonable written explanation, and schooling or trade training in your field can count toward the two years.
| Event | VA guidance | Shorter path |
|---|---|---|
| Chapter 7 bankruptcy | 2 years from discharge | 1–2 years may work if the cause was outside your control and credit is re-established |
| Chapter 13 bankruptcy | No 2-year wait required | 12 months of on-time plan payments plus trustee or court permission — you can still be in the plan |
| Foreclosure | 2 years from the sale date | 1 year possible with documented extenuating circumstances and re-established credit |
| Short sale / deed-in-lieu | No VA-mandated waiting period | Judged on your overall credit profile; most lenders overlay 2 years |
Important: if the foreclosure or short sale was on a VA loan that closed at a loss, the entitlement tied to that loss is not restored. There may be no time bar, but your available entitlement is reduced — which affects how much you can borrow with nothing down. Worth checking before you shop.
Almost every outdated page on the internet still tells Kentucky veterans to look up their county loan limit. For most borrowers, that is no longer how it works.
If you have full entitlement, there is no VA loan limit. Effective for loans closed on or after January 1, 2020, under the Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans Act of 2019, VA guarantees 25% of the loan amount with no dollar cap. Your ceiling is what a lender will approve based on your income and credit — not a county chart.
You have full entitlement if you have never used your VA benefit, or if you used it, paid the loan off in full, and sold the property so your entitlement was restored. You have partial entitlement if you currently have an active VA loan, or a prior VA loan ended in a loss that was never restored.
Only in the partial-entitlement case does the conforming loan limit come into play. For 2026 the baseline one-unit conforming limit is $832,750, and every one of Kentucky's 120 counties uses that baseline — Kentucky has no high-cost county designations.
| Property type | 2026 Kentucky limit |
|---|---|
| 1-unit | $832,750 |
| 2-unit | $1,066,250 |
| 3-unit | $1,288,800 |
| 4-unit | $1,601,750 |
Say you have $60,000 of entitlement tied up in a VA loan on a home you kept as you relocated, and you want to buy again in Kentucky with nothing down:
| Step | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Total entitlement pool | $832,750 × 25% | $208,187.50 |
| Less entitlement in use | $208,187.50 − $60,000 | $148,187.50 remaining |
| Zero-down buying power | $148,187.50 × 4 | $592,750 |
| Buying above that | On a $650,000 purchase: ($650,000 − $592,750) ÷ 4 | $14,312.50 down |
Note how favorable that last line is. Even when you exceed your zero-down capacity, you only put down 25% of the overage — not 25% of the purchase price. Most Kentucky veterans in this position are shocked at how small the required down payment turns out to be.
The VA funding fee is a one-time charge paid to the Department of Veterans Affairs. It is what keeps the program running without taxpayer subsidy and without charging you monthly mortgage insurance. You can pay it at closing or roll it into the loan.
These are the rates in effect for loans closing in 2026, per VA Circular 26-23-06. The temporary higher rates from the Blue Water Navy Act expired on April 7, 2023 — if you see 2.3% quoted anywhere, that page is out of date. The separate, higher fee that once applied to Guard and Reserve members is also gone; there is now one unified table.
| Down payment | First use | Subsequent use |
|---|---|---|
| Less than 5% (including $0 down) | 2.15% | 3.3% |
| 5% to 9.99% | 1.5% | 1.5% |
| 10% or more | 1.25% | 1.25% |
| Loan type | Funding fee |
|---|---|
| Cash-out refinance, first use | 2.15% |
| Cash-out refinance, subsequent use | 3.3% |
| IRRRL / Streamline refinance | 0.5% |
| Loan assumption | 0.5% |
| Native American Direct Loan (purchase) | 1.25% |
| Scenario | Loan amount | Funding fee |
|---|---|---|
| First use, $0 down | $300,000 | $6,450 |
| Subsequent use, $0 down | $300,000 | $9,900 |
| 5% down | $285,000 | $4,275 |
| 10% down | $270,000 | $3,375 |
| Service-connected disability | $300,000 | $0 — exempt |
You are exempt from the VA funding fee if you:
Worth money: retroactive disability ratings. If you close a VA loan, pay the funding fee, and are later awarded a service-connected disability rating with an effective date before your closing date, you can claim a refund of the funding fee. On a $300,000 first-use purchase that is $6,450 back. Veterans miss this constantly — if your rating came through after you bought, call me.
I pull Certificates of Eligibility at no charge and usually have an answer back in minutes, not weeks.
Email Me Your QuestionZero down does not mean zero cost. There are still closing costs on a VA purchase — but VA limits what you can be charged, and there are several ways to cover the rest.
A Kentucky seller can contribute up to 4% of the property's reasonable value in concessions. Critically, ordinary closing costs are not counted inside that 4%. A seller can pay your customary closing costs — title insurance, appraisal, origination, recording fees, normal discount points — on top of the 4%.
| Counts inside the 4% | Does NOT count (seller may pay on top) |
|---|---|
| Seller paying your VA funding fee | Title insurance |
| Prepaid taxes and insurance escrows | Appraisal fee |
| Temporary interest-rate buydown funds | Loan origination charge |
| Payoff of your credit balances or judgments | Recording fees |
| Points above market-rate discount points | Normal, market-rate discount points |
| Gifts such as a vehicle or appliances | Buyer-broker fees paid by the seller |
Combined properly, a motivated Kentucky seller can put a veteran into a home for close to nothing out of pocket. That is the single most under-used lever in this program, and it is worth writing into the offer.
Following the changes to how buyer-agent compensation is handled, VA issued a temporary variance allowing veterans to pay reasonable and customary buyer-broker charges where the market requires it. Two conditions matter: the charge cannot be financed into the loan, and it counts against your liquid assets to close. A seller paying your buyer-broker fee is still not treated as a seller concession.
Two VA refinance programs matter, and they serve very different purposes.
The Interest Rate Reduction Refinance Loan is the fastest refinance in the mortgage business. No income verification, no appraisal in most cases, minimal paperwork. It is available only if you already have a VA loan. Current 2026 requirements:
You are not stuck with your current servicer. No lender is required to do your IRRRL, and you are free to shop it. The company you mail your payment to is a starting point, not your only option — and it is frequently not the cheapest.
The cash-out program lets you tap equity, and it also lets a homeowner with a conventional or FHA loan refinance into a VA loan. Key facts for 2026:
The FHA-to-VA move. If you are a Kentucky veteran currently paying FHA mortgage insurance every month, refinancing into a VA loan eliminates that premium entirely. For many borrowers that alone justifies the refinance even without a meaningful rate change. Run the numbers before you assume it is not worth it.
If you are eligible for VA, it is almost always the strongest option. Here is the honest side-by-side:
| Feature | VA Loan | FHA Loan | USDA Loan | Conventional |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum down payment | 0% | 3.5% | 0% | 3% to 5% |
| Monthly mortgage insurance | None, ever | Required, usually for the life of the loan | Required, lower than FHA | Required under 20% down, removable at 20% equity |
| Upfront fee | 2.15% funding fee, first use — $0 if disability-exempt | 1.75% upfront MIP, no exemptions | 1% guarantee fee | None |
| Minimum credit score | No VA minimum; lenders typically 580–620 | 580 (500 with 10% down) | Typically 640+ | 620+ |
| Loan limit | None with full entitlement | $541,288 in Kentucky for 2026 | Income-limited rather than loan-limited | $832,750 in Kentucky for 2026 |
| Property location | Anywhere in Kentucky | Anywhere in Kentucky | USDA-eligible rural areas only | Anywhere |
| Assumable | Yes, by a qualified buyer | Yes | Yes | No |
| Who it fits | Any eligible veteran, service member, or surviving spouse | First-time buyers with lower credit | Low-to-moderate income rural buyers | Strong credit, long-term savings |
Honesty matters more than a sales pitch. A conventional loan can beat VA if you have 20% or more to put down — you avoid the funding fee entirely and you would not be paying mortgage insurance anyway. A few veterans with substantial cash reserves land in that category. For everyone else, VA wins on cost, and it usually is not close.
Kentucky requires wood-destroying insect information statewide on VA loans. Here is where a lot of Kentucky real estate advice is out of date: the old rule prohibiting the veteran from paying the termite inspection fee was removed by VA in June 2022. Veterans may now be charged the WDI inspection fee where the Notice of Value requires it, and Kentucky has no state-specific carve-out on VA's current fee deviations list. Any treatment or repairs found remain a negotiation item.
Every VA purchase and cash-out refinance requires a VA appraisal, ordered through VA's system rather than by the lender. The property must be safe, structurally sound, and sanitary, and must appraise at or above the contract price.
VA revised its minimum property requirements effective May 1, 2026. Among the changes: the full radon testing requirement was eliminated, lead-based-paint standards for pre-1978 homes were revised, guidance on detached structures was simplified, and standards for non-vented heaters were clarified. Net effect for Kentucky buyers — fewer appraisal hang-ups on older housing stock than in past years.
Kentucky has plenty of rural and acreage listings, and VA financing can work on them with conditions. There must be a residence on the land and you must occupy it as your primary home. VA does not limit the number of acres. The appraised value cannot include livestock, crops, or farm equipment, and non-residential improvements like barns and stables are valued at fair market value. What you cannot do is use a VA loan to buy a working farm as a business.
You can add up to $6,000 to your VA loan for energy-efficiency improvements. Up to $3,000 requires documented costs only. Between $3,000 and $6,000, the lender must also certify that projected monthly energy savings exceed the increase in your mortgage payment. Improvements generally must be completed within six months of closing.
Have these ready and your file moves fast:
VA itself sets no minimum credit score. Most Kentucky lenders overlay a 620 minimum, though a number of VA-focused lenders and brokers will go to 580, and manual underwriting can work below that with strong compensating factors. Because overlays differ by lender, a decline at one bank does not mean you are ineligible for a VA loan.
Not if you have full entitlement. Since January 1, 2020, VA guarantees 25% of the loan amount with no dollar cap for full-entitlement borrowers, so your limit is what a lender will approve. County limits only apply when part of your entitlement is tied up in another VA loan. In that case Kentucky uses the 2026 baseline conforming limit of $832,750 in all 120 counties.
For a purchase with less than 5% down it is 2.15% on first use and 3.3% on subsequent use. With 5% to 9.99% down it drops to 1.5%, and with 10% or more it is 1.25%. A VA IRRRL is 0.5%. Veterans receiving compensation for a service-connected disability pay nothing.
Yes, on the down payment. VA finances 100% of the purchase price or appraised value, whichever is lower. There are still closing costs, but a Kentucky seller can contribute up to 4% of the property's value in concessions plus your customary closing costs on top of that, which often gets a veteran to the closing table with very little out of pocket.
Yes. VA guidance is two years from a Chapter 7 discharge or a foreclosure sale, and as little as one year if the cause was outside your control and you have re-established credit. Chapter 13 is more flexible still — twelve months of on-time plan payments plus trustee permission can be enough, and you may still be in the plan. Short sales have no VA-mandated waiting period.
Yes. Entitlement is a lifetime benefit. Sell the home and pay off the loan and your entitlement is restored for the next purchase. You may also be able to hold two VA loans at once in certain relocation situations, using your remaining partial entitlement for the second home.
Yes, and it helps twice. VA disability compensation is stable qualifying income, and because it is non-taxable it can be grossed up for qualifying purposes, which lowers your debt-to-income ratio on paper. Receiving compensation for a service-connected disability also exempts you from the funding fee entirely.
Residual income is the actual dollars left each month after your mortgage payment, taxes, insurance, and all other debts. Kentucky is in VA's South region, where a family of four needs $1,003 per month remaining on loans of $80,000 or more. It is the reason VA approves veterans whose debt ratios would sink a conventional application — VA measures whether you can genuinely afford to live, not just a ratio.
Yes, up to four units, as long as you occupy one of them as your primary residence. You can rent the other units. What you cannot do is use VA financing for a property you will not live in.
Typically 30 to 45 days from contract, similar to other loan types. The VA appraisal is the piece with the least flexible timeline — VA reported average appraisal turn times of about seven business days as of mid-2026. Getting fully pre-approved before you shop is the single best way to shorten the whole process.
Kentucky requires wood-destroying insect information statewide. Since June 2022, VA permits the veteran to pay that inspection fee, and Kentucky has no state-specific exception. The older guidance saying the seller must always pay it is out of date, though it remains negotiable in the purchase contract.
Yes, through the VA cash-out refinance program, and you do not have to actually take cash out to use it. For a Kentucky veteran currently paying FHA mortgage insurance every month, moving to a VA loan eliminates that premium permanently, which can justify the refinance on its own.
Twenty-plus years, 1,300+ Kentucky families, and every county in the Commonwealth. No cost, no obligation, and usually a same-day answer.
I will pull your Certificate of Eligibility, confirm your entitlement, and tell you your real number.
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